Valve-operating mechanism for internal-combustion engines.



C. M. BLANOHARD. VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED $1111.22, 1913.

1,124,838, Patented Jan. 12, 1915.

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PATENT ostrich GHA'ELES M. BLANCHARD', OF ELYRIA, OHIO.

VALVE-OEEB-ATING mechanism FOR rnrnnrmt-coiunusrron Enemies.

Application filedfi'anuary 22,1913. Serial Ho.- v iacso,

To all whom it 5 0mm Be it known that LCnAnnns ARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Elyria, in the county ofLcrain and Statefor operating the admission valves of inter nal combustion engines, especially of the two-cycle type, wherein it is desired to open the valve for each out-stroke-oi the piston,

' as, in such type of engine my mechanism nlay be operated by a reciprocating rod connected directly on an eccentric on the main shaft.

' The characteristics of the invention are lhe'reinafter more fully explained and are summarized in the claims.

. In the drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an internal combustion engine equipped with my valve mechanism, some of the parts being broken away; Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the cylinder and the admission valve and parts of my operat ing mechanism, the cam portion of the mechanism being shown in side elevation; Fig. 3 is an edge view or the cam and the roller and arm with which it coacts; Fig. 4 is a development of the arcual face of the cam;

engine cylinder, and 2 the'piston therein, which is connected by a connecting rod and crank (not shown) with the crank shaft 3 (Fig. 1).

4 indicates a bushing mounted in the cylinder wall and having an admission port 5 into the cylinder space, and 6 and 7 are admission passageways for liquid fuel and air under pressure into the bushing. The passageways communicate with spaces formed on the roughened exterior of a plug 8 to thoroughly mix the oil and air.

10 indicates a needle valve adapted to control the opening and closingof the port 5 and thus control the admission of fuel to thecylinder.

hi. Brenton- -struction shown by which th Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, 1 indicates the- The mechanism for-operating the valve rod 10 comprises'thesubject matter" of this invention and will be hereinafter more fully described. For the present it should be noted that this rod is connected with a head 11 which rests on a bar 12 carried within e1. bifurcated operating lever 13 pivoted at 14.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented @IL 12 1915 The lever is provided with a roller 1'5 which rests on a cam 20 secured on a: rock shaft21. On the other end of this rock shaft .is an arm 22 which is shown as connectedby a rod 23 (Fig.1) with a rock arm. 24. This latter arm is on a rock shaft '26,, on'whicha rock arm 26 is connected. The rock arm '26 is shown as connected by allink 27 with the. wrist pin 28 of a reciprocating air pump or i 1 valve 29. 0n this same'wrist pinv is journaled the eccentric rod 30,- the strap orwhich surrounds an eccentric 31011 the main shaft 3.

From the construction described, itresults that, for each rotation of the main shaft, the rod 23'is given a complete reciprocation or double-stroke, which rocks the cam 20 back and forth. The stroke'of the cam in one direction raises the lever 12'to open the valve, the stroke in the opposite direction beingidle, as will he explained. It

should be-noted that the coupling of the rockarm 26 to the wrist pin of the piston 29 is an incident for simplicity. Any suit able means may be employed for reciproeating the rod 23. v p I I will now describe the particular coh e cam operates and is adjusted by the cap 39, which screws downwardly in the housing mentioned. The

head 'll is extended downwardly about the rod 10 and-rests on the cross bar 12, hereto.-

fore referred to, within the lever 13. The pivot 1 1 of this lever is on the same bracket 37 which carries the housing. The other end of the lever carries between its arm the roller 15, which coacts with the cam. This roller is pressed toward the cam by a spring 41, bearing down on a sliding head 42 in a second housing 43 on the bracket 37, the

spring being compressed by a screw plug 45.

It will be understood from the above description that the spring 38 tends to mainr l v I tainthe valve on its seat, and does so maintain it, except when lifted by the arm 13. ,ihe spring: 41 tends to hold'the arm with-the admission valve closed and the roller pressing oi the cam, but when the hump 50 on the cam raises the roller and upwardly, such movementraises I the admissionglalve and allows the charge toenter the cylinder.

haccomplish the desired alternate operation of the cam by making the roller 15 latorally shiftable on the pin 51, carried between the two portions of the arm 13, so

I that the hump 50 on one stroke strikes-the l5 it provide. two side-cams on the, cam to-- roller and on the opposite stroke misses it."

efiect -this shifting of the Teller This is illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4:. (in eithhr side of the-roller 15, ar'etwo disks 52 and 53 formed onthe roller body anddesigned to ooact with the side cams 54 and 55. These I are near the opposite ends of the arcual head and are on opposite sides, as shown. When the cani 54, iorexainple-engages' the disk :52 it draws the roller toward the right in Fig; 3,Iso that it is out ofithe path of the projection50 and will be missedby it on the return stroke of the cam. The de- I scribed shift .of the-roller draws the disk 53 over against the opposite, side of the i'ngs, the main eccentric 31 is 'so set that,,.

as the main piston 2 is about reachingthe head posit on'on the return stroke, the cam is moving in a direction from the head of the cylinder toward the crank and thus the hump passes under the ,rollers15 ar d raises the admission valve while the piston is atjor near the-dead. center, and holds the valve open during a'portion of the outward stroke of the piston. Now, as the cam con tinues to; rock in this direction, the cam edge hd'engaging the di& 52 draws the roller into position-mimics the projection 50, and-then the. eccentric rocks the cam the opposite direction" and carries that projection idl past therollcr, As the cam is reachin trie limit of' its movement in this direct on, the edge 55 engages the disk 53 and draw'sback the roller to normal position so that it isagain in the path of'the hump 50.

C Q is open may be regulated withreference ,to W

the piston position by tuiningthe rod 23,

The actualtime which the admission valve which has at its ends right and 'lefthand threads and 61 which engage in corresponding sockets connecting'with the arms 24 and 22, A. suitable knurled hand-hoid 62 i ea ,ese

on the. rod 23 furnishes convenient means for tuining it, and nuts 63 and 64: lock it.

" In order to aid in properly setting the valve, 1 form on the bracket on which it ismounted a'stationary disk-like portion 66 on which I make a suitable mark 67 which is placed so that it is opposite a correspond ,ing mark on 'the cam when the piston is at-the extreme ,end of the "stroke. 'Now, if

it be desired to admit the fuel before the ,piston arrives at the inner end of the stroke,

the rod 23 is turnedin a direction'to increase its efi'ective length, thus causing the r I hump to reach the "roller sooner than be fore. 9n the other hand, to admit thefuel .ata later point than the dead center,the

rod 23 is turned in the opposite direction.

\ It willv be seen that my valve operating mechanism is simple in construction; is

adapted for convenientcoupling with any suitable reciprocating part of the engine, and operates toopen the admission valve on alternate movements, as desired .The ease with which the" time of opening is adjusted isalso a feature of the invention.

Having thus descrlbed my invention, what I claim is:

' 1. in an nternal combustion engine, the

combination of an admission valve, a rock" cam member having a projection, an arm connected with the admission valve and having a roller member adapted t ride on the face of the cam, flanges on said roller projecting opposite the sides of said cam member, cam surfaces formed. on such sides adapted to engage said flanges, whereby one of said members is shifted with relation to the -other' so that the roller member may avoid the projection on the cam member on one stroke but be engaged by it on theother stro, .e. t

2. The combination of a valve, a cam," a

roller adapted to ride on the cam and con-' nected with the 'valve, a flange on the roller,

and a cam projection on the side of the cam mentioned adapted to engage said flange to shift the roller whereby on one stroke the roller may be actuated by said cam and on' another stroke may be independent of=it. I 3. In aninternal combustion engine, the cpmbination, with a cylinder and piston, of

an admission valve, a roller for operating it adapted to beshifted laterally, a cam -having a hump, oppositely inclined edge surfaces, a pan of diskson opposite sides of said roller connected with it and adaptedto engage the. inclined surfaces respectively,

and means for moving said ca whereh the inclined edges reciprocate the roller bac and forth so that "the rolleris engaged by the hump on one stroke of the cam and not engaged thereby on the opposite'stazpke.

i. The combination, with a cyliiider and piston, of an admission valve, an "arm for operating it, a roller carried on said arm and adapted to be shifted laterally, a rocking cam having a partially cylindrical surface with a hump, oppositely inclined edge surfaces near the opposite ends of the cam, a pair of disks on opposite sides of said roller connecting with it and adapted to engage the inclined surfaces respectively-and means connected With a moving part of the engine for oscillating said cam Whereby'the inclined edges reciprocate theroller back and forth so that it is engaged on one stroke of the cam by the hump and not engaged thereby on the opposite stroke.

' In. an engine, the combination of a valve, a reciprocating cam, mechanism connecting the valve and cam operative on one stroke of the cam but not on the other, and mechanism for reciprocating the cam, 1n-

eluding an intermediate rotatable rod having right and left hand threads connecting it respectively with the cam and driver 7 therefor, whereby the turning of, said rod shifts the cam in one direction or the other, changing the relative position of the valve and cam.

6. The combination, of a valve, a rocking cam'having a projection, an arm connected with the valve and having a roller adapted to ride on the face of the cam, means for shifting said roller laterally to avoid the pr jection on one stroke of the cam and be engaged by it on the other stroke, and mech anism for reciprocating the cam, including a rotatable rod having right and left hand threads connecting it with the cam and the operating member therefor respectively, whereby the turning of said rod shifts the cam in one direction or the other.

' 7. In an en ine the combination with a o n I l cylinder and piston, of an admission valve,

an 'arcual rocking cam, mechanism controlled thereby for opening the valve on one stroke of the cam but no on the other, a

stationary disk-like member adjacent to the cam, cooperating indicia on 'said member and cam, and means for operating the cam and for regulating the position of the effective surfacethereof relative to the'mechanism operated thereby.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an admission valve, a reciprocating cam-member having an idle portion and an effective portion on-one face, an arm connected with the admission valve, a plunger connected with the valve, means acting thereon to seat the valve, an engaging member carriedon said arm and adapted to ride said cam, a second plunger and means act- CHARLES MBLANCHARD. ;\Vit11esses BRENNAN B. l/VEs'r, ALBERT HQBATES. 

